Exploration · 5 min
How Gold Exploration Works: From Soil Sample to Drill Core
A step-by-step explanation of the gold exploration process — mapping, geochemistry, geophysics, trenching, drilling and resource estimation.
Finding an economic gold deposit is a process of narrowing down: from thousands of square kilometres to a single drill target. Each stage is designed to reduce uncertainty before more capital is committed.
1. Desktop study and mapping
Geologists compile historical data, satellite imagery and government maps, then walk the ground to map rock types, structures and old workings.
2. Geochemistry
Soil, stream-sediment and rock samples are assayed for gold and pathfinder elements. Clusters of elevated values, called anomalies, point toward potential mineralization.
3. Geophysics
Magnetic, electromagnetic and induced polarization surveys reveal hidden structures and alteration beneath cover.
4. Trenching and drilling
Trenches expose bedrock across anomalies. The best targets are then drill tested, producing core that shows the grade, width and continuity of gold-bearing zones.
5. Resource definition
With enough drilling, a Qualified Person can estimate a mineral resource under NI 43-101 — the first major milestone toward a potential mine.
This article is for information only and does not constitute investment advice. It may contain forward-looking statements subject to risks and uncertainties.